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	<title>Mustafa Qadri &#187; India</title>
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		<title>In south Asia, independent journalism is a real risk</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/articles/in-south-asia-independent-journalism-is-a-real-risk/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/articles/in-south-asia-independent-journalism-is-a-real-risk/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Nov 2010 11:15:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lasantha Wickrematunge]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[media freedom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan Army]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sri Lanka]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Umar Cheema]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vijay Pratap Singh]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/?p=703</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Critical journalists face restrictions, torture or even death, reducing the accountability of both governments and the military Mustafa Qadri, guardian.co.uk, Sunday 28 November 2010 12.00 GMT South Asia&#8217;s media landscape is rich, diverse and contradictory. Yet the risks to independent journalism are real, and show no signs of abating. It would be an understatement to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Critical journalists face restrictions, torture or even death, reducing the accountability of both governments and the military</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://guardian.co.uk/profile/mustafaqadri">Mustafa Qadri</a>,<br />
<a href="http://guardian.co.uk/">guardian.co.uk</a>, Sunday 28 November 2010 12.00 GMT</p>
<p>South Asia&#8217;s media landscape is rich, diverse and contradictory. Yet the risks to independent journalism are real, and show no signs of abating.</p>
<p>It would be an understatement to say this has been a difficult year for journalists in the subcontinent. In Pakistan at least a dozen media professionals have died in terrorist attacks throughout the country. At least one journalist, <a title="Unesco: Director-General of Unesco deplores death of Indian journalist Vijay Pratap Singh" href="http://tinyurl.com/36xqsfl">Vijay Pratap Singh</a>, has died in India as a result of similar violence.</p>
<p>Equally deadly has been the fate of the few journalists in Sri Lanka brave enough to challenge the government&#8217;s narrative of a clean and effective war against the erstwhile Tamil Tigers. Lasantha Wickrematunge, who was critical of the Rajapaksa government, <a title="Guardian:  'I hope my murder will be seen not as a defeat of freedom but an inspiration'" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/jan/13/wickrematunga-final-editorial-final-editorial">was shot dead</a> after numerous run-ins with authorities over his reportage.</p>
<p>At its core, all these instances go to one of the great paradoxes of the subcontinent. Namely, the fact that while life is often harsh and difficult, there are also tremendous freedoms and privileges for those lucky and smart enough to avoid certain red lines.</p>
<p>The mechanics and specifics of those red lines may vary from country to country, but in all of them one common ingredient is exposing the failings of the national security establishment. After the author and activist Arundhati Roy <a title="Guardian:  Arundhati Roy faces arrest over Kashmir remark" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/oct/26/arundhati-roy-kashmir-india">criticised Indian oppression</a> in Jammu and Kashmir, stating that the restive region has never been an integral part of India, she was threatened with prosecution for sedition.</p>
<p>Journalists have been heavily restricted from independently reporting India&#8217;s continued crackdown on Kashmiri independence protests. Only a limited number of local journalists were issued curfew passes at the height of the crackdown in July and August, and a BBC Urdu service reporter was <a title="BBC: Kashmir newspapers suspend production to protest curbs" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10570903">beaten by police</a> as he tried to collect his curfew pass.</p>
<p>For journalists in Pakistan, the consequences can be even more dire. This month journalist and activist Abdul Hameed Hayatan was found dead after going missing in the province of Balochistan in October. His death has been <a title="The death of Lala Hameed Baloch: a case study of a state sponsored murder" href="http://criticalppp.com/archives/29965">widely blamed</a> on Pakistan&#8217;s security forces – like so many others in the province, where a conflict involving the state and several different insurgent groups has been characterised by targeted killings, abductions and extrajudicial killings.</p>
<p>More journalists have been killed, kidnapped or attacked in conflict-ridden Balochistan and the Pashtun tribal areas than in any other part of Pakistan. Elements of the Pakistan Taliban network and other insurgent groups have been blamed for most of these deaths.</p>
<p>Yet it isn&#8217;t only on the frontlines that journalists face abuse. On the evening of 4 September, the investigative reporter Umar Cheema was kidnapped by what appeared to be a police patrol while driving home in Islamabad. &#8220;They stripped me naked and tortured me,&#8221; he recalled. Tied upside down, Cheema was badly beaten and had his eyebrows, moustache and hair shaved in a six-hour ordeal after which he was thrown on to a highway some 125 kilometres from his home in Islamabad.</p>
<p>Cheema quickly realised his captors were in fact part of Pakistan&#8217;s secretive intelligence agencies. What got him into hot water was not reportage on the army&#8217;s atrocities or its involvement in military operations with the US, but its incompetence in prosecuting persons accused of killing army personnel, including the chief suspect in the assassination of <a title="Wikipedia" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushtaq_Ahmed_Baig">General Mushtaq Baig</a>, the most senior army officer killed by militants so far. Cheema also reported on doubts faced by some of the elite army commandos who were to partake in the <a title="Guardian: Q&amp;A: Pakistan mosque siege" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/jul/11/pakistan.qanda">Islamabad Red Mosque siege</a> of 2007. Two commandos were court-martialed and imprisoned for calling for a political settlement of the siege.</p>
<p>In the past, criticising the civilian government could have deadly consequences. And, to be sure, government-aligned political activists have recently <a title="Ifex: Media outlets and journalists under attack" href="http://www.ifex.org/pakistan/2010/08/11/floods_attacks/">attacked journalists</a> they considered hostile to them. But journalists pay a heavier price for criticising the military establishment.</p>
<p>According to the Committee to Protect Journalists no one has been prosecuted for murdering a journalist in Pakistan except in the <a title="BBC: Daniel Pearl: Seeker for dialogue" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1793670.stm">Daniel Pearl case</a>. Civilian authorities set up a judicial commission to investigate Cheema&#8217;s abduction, but it appears to be languishing and there have been no significant investigations of army authorities.</p>
<p>&#8220;We are not in the habit of writing [critical things] about the army,&#8221; Cheema says, adding that while freedom of expression is very important, restrictions on free expression stifle innovation and creative thinking – the very things Pakistan needs at a time when it is rocked by poverty, insurgency and religious intolerance. People in Pakistan are afraid to criticise the &#8220;sacred cows&#8221; of the state, he adds, like highlighting the shortcomings of the army or criticising mainstream religious groups for ignoring homegrown militancy.</p>
<p>&#8220;All the while,&#8221; he says, &#8220;the US and Britain continue to push Pakistan to escalate the war against Islamist militancy with no sense of irony. But if we do not support those Pakistanis who honestly seek to keep our military accountable, what hope is there that our war will create a more democratic society in Pakistan?&#8221;</p>
<p>[This article was published in The Guardian on Sunday November 28, 2010: <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2010/nov/28/south-asia-independent-journalism-risk">http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2010/nov/28/south-asia-independent-journalism-risk</a>]</p>
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		<title>Mustafa speaking at Melbourne University</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-melbourne-university/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-melbourne-university/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 11 Nov 2010 08:38:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lectures & Interviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Al Qaeda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan floods 2010]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Taliban]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[terrorism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United States]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/?p=687</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Asia Link Melbourne University Public Forum: Pakistan – Between Despair and Disaster video available here As winter approaches, 2 million hectares of crops have been lost and the damage and destruction of 2 million homes has left 7 million people without shelter. Disease is now setting in creating even more despair in Pakistan. Malaria is [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Asia Link Melbourne University Public Forum: Pakistan – Between Despair and Disaster</strong></p>
<p><strong>video available <a href="http://www.asialink.unimelb.edu.au/video/politics/pakistan_-_between_despair_and_disaster">here</a></strong></p>
<p>As winter approaches, 2 million hectares of crops have been lost and the damage and destruction of 2 million homes has left 7 million people without shelter. Disease is now setting in creating even more despair in Pakistan. Malaria is steadily on the rise, and increasing numbers of people suffering from acute diarrhoea, respiratory infections and skin diseases are being reported. Polio among children is also on the increase despite a massive immunization campaign.</p>
<h2>Speakers</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<h3><strong>HE Fauzia Nasreen</strong> - <em>High Commissioner of Pakistan</em></h3>
<p><strong><br />
Her Excellency Ms Fauzia Nasreen</strong> has been with the Foreign Service of Pakistan since 1973. Before commencing her post in Australia, Ms Nasreen served as Director-General of the Foreign Services Academy ((2007-09) and was Ambassador to Poland (2002-06) and Ambassador to Nepal (1999-2002). Prior to that she undertook diplomatic assignments in Tehran, Kuala Lumpur, Manila and Rome. Ms Nasreen holds a Masters in English Literature and was a Visiting Fellow at Queen Elizabeth House, Oxford University in 1988-89.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>
<h3><strong>Mustafa Qadri</strong> - <em>Freelance Journalist</em></h3>
<p><strong><br />
Mustafa Qadri</strong> is based in Pakistan where he writes for international newspapers, journals and web-based news outlets. He is a regular columnist for <em>The Guardian</em> (UK) and correspondent for <em>The Diplomat</em>, Australia’s only dedicated commercial foreign affairs ezine. He can regularly be heard on <em>Radio National</em> and is published in the <em>Los Angeles Times</em>, <em>The Australian</em>, <em>The Age</em>, and <em>The National</em> newspapers. Mustafa’s work can also be read on <em>Reuters AlertNet</em> and <em>World Politics Review</em> and he is a regular Pakistan consultant for Human Rights Watch, School of Oriental &amp; African Studies (London), and Oxford Analytica. He was formerly a lawyer specialising in public international law and worked with Australia’s Attorney-General’s Department before undertaking two years research at University College, London.</li>
<li>
<h3><strong>Dr Nadeem Mailk</strong> <strong>-</strong> <em>Development Studies Program Coordinator, The University of Melbourne</em></h3>
<p><strong><br />
Dr Nadeem Malik</strong> is a development expert with 20 years of work experience in the field. His major areas of specialization are Third World development, globalization and development, gender and development, governance, civil society and the state, decentralization or local governance, project and program management and monitoring and evaluation of development projects. He is also interested in the anthropology of development and development and social theory, and has published on Pakistani politics, economics and development, and the Pakistani diaspora in Australia. His most recent book is <em>Citizens and Government in Pakistan: the analysis of people’s voices</em> (2009).</p>
<p>Moderated by <strong>Linda Mottram</strong> from <strong>Radio Australia</strong></li>
</ul>
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		<title>Mustafa speaking at School of Oriental &amp; African Studies (London) October 13, 2010</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-school-of-oriental-african-studies-london-october-13-2010/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-school-of-oriental-african-studies-london-october-13-2010/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Oct 2010 08:13:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lectures & Interviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kashmir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SOAS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Taliban]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[terrorism]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/?p=681</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[PART I PART II PAKISTAN, ITS JOURNALISTS AND THE STORIES THE WEST FORGETS On 13 October 2010 the Centre hosted a round table discussion of Pakistan as seen from the eyes of some of the most respected journalists in the country. Participants discussed the portrayal of Pakistan in the West and the critical features of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>PART I</p>
<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="480" height="294" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="src" value="http://blip.tv/play/AYKEw0QC" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="480" height="294" src="http://blip.tv/play/AYKEw0QC" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<p>PART II</p>
<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="480" height="294" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="src" value="http://blip.tv/play/AYKExVMC" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="480" height="294" src="http://blip.tv/play/AYKExVMC" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<div id="_mcePaste">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><strong><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">PAKISTAN, ITS JOURNALISTS AND THE STORIES THE WEST FORGETS</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">On 13 October 2010 the Centre hosted a round table discussion of Pakistan as seen from the eyes of some of the most respected journalists in the country. Participants discussed the portrayal of Pakistan in the West and the critical features of this fascinating country that rarely get reported. The event included footage of the journalists reporting on recent major events in Pakistan, including the floods, protests and much more.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><strong>Speakers:</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Qatrina Hussain, Director, Current Affairs, Express News</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Beena Sarwar, Editor, Special Projects (Aman ki Asha) The News International; India-Pakistan peace activist</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Rahimullah Yusufzai, Executive Editor, Peshawar, The News</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Mustafa Qadri, Journalist, The Guardian, Radio Australia, The Diplomat</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;"><strong>Moderated by:</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; line-height: 17.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Georgia&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; color: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU;">Fawaz Gerges, London School of Economics</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
</div>
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		<title>Mustafa speaking at Chatham House, London October 11, 2010</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-chatham-house-london-october-11-2010/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/mustafa-speaking-at-chatham-house-london-october-11-2010/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Oct 2010 08:01:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lectures & Interviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Al Qaeda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lectures]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[United States]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/?p=679</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Pakistan has faced a myriad of crises over the last decade. No one has had a better perspective on them than its journalists. Join Chatham as we meet experienced journalists from Pakistan talk about the country they know and report on every day. 30 minutes of panel discussion introduced by Mustafa Qadri and chaired by [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="480" height="385" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/HnnS7TvKXuk?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="480" height="385" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/HnnS7TvKXuk?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
<p><strong>Pakistan has faced a myriad of crises over the last decade. No one has had a better perspective on them than its journalists. Join Chatham as we meet experienced journalists from Pakistan talk about the country they know and report on every day. 30 minutes of panel discussion introduced by Mustafa Qadri and chaired by Farzana Shaikh. Each speaker given 7 minutes to discuss. Followed by 40-60 minutes of audience questions.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Speakers:</strong></p>
<p>Mustafa Qadri, Journalist, The Guardian, Radio Australia, The Diplomat<br />
Qatrina Hussain, Director, Current Affairs, Express News<br />
Beena Sarwar, Journalist, The News International; India-Pakistan peace activist<br />
Rahimullah Yusufzai, Executive Editor, Peshawar, The News</p>
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		<title>Why US Can’t Drop Pakistan</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/uncategorized/why-us-can%e2%80%99t-drop-pakistan/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/uncategorized/why-us-can%e2%80%99t-drop-pakistan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Aug 2010 10:35:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[SECURITY &#124; SOUTH ASIA &#124; PAKISTAN August 9, 2010By Mustafa Qadri The WikiLeaks files won’t destroy ties between the two. The US decision to withdraw from Afghanistan has made sure of that. At first glance it appeared that the smoking gun had finally been found. That was certainly the initial impression when, on July 25, Internet whistleblower site [...]]]></description>
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<h1 class="post-title"><span style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 13px;"><a class="tag topic" href="http://the-diplomat.com/security">SECURITY</a> | <a class="tag region" href="http://the-diplomat.com/south-asia">SOUTH ASIA</a> | <a class="tag country" href="http://the-diplomat.com/?s=pakistan">PAKISTAN</a></span></h1>
<div class="post-info"><span class="datetime">August 9, 2010</span><span class="post-author">By Mustafa Qadri</span></div>
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<div class="post-image-container">
<h3 class="post-excerpt">The WikiLeaks files won’t destroy ties between the two. The US decision to withdraw from Afghanistan has made sure of that.</h3>
<p class="photo-credit">At first glance it appeared that the smoking gun had finally been found. That was certainly the initial impression when, on July 25, Internet whistleblower site WikiLeaks <a href="http://wikileaks.org/wiki/Afghan_War_Diary,_2004-2010">posted</a> official documents claiming extensive Pakistani support for the Taliban in Afghanistan.</p>
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<div class="post-content">
<p>But, as the dust has gradually settled, surprisingly little appears to have changed.</p>
<p>Undoubtedly, tensions between Pakistan and its closest ally have risen, albeit in an unlikely fashion. Although the White House described the revelations as ‘unacceptable,’ Britain—not the US—has borne the brunt of Pakistan’s frustrations following British Prime Minister David Cameron’s criticism of the garrison state for apparently playing a double game, with Pakistan ceasing key intelligence sharing with the United Kingdom in response.</p>
<p>With Cameron’s comments having come hot on the heels of his visit to the United States, there’s been speculation that he was merely delivering a message on behalf of Washington. But if this is the case, then Pakistan’s decision to momentarily end intelligence sharing with Britain sends a message to the White House too—that Pakistan remains the pivotal guarantor of a credible US withdrawal from Afghanistan.</p>
<p>So what do the WikiLeaks disclosures mean for the future of Pakistan’s engagement with the US, and, by extension, its role in Afghanistan?</p>
<p>Although the documents actually held few surprises, the extent to which they confirmed so many existing suspicions about the troubled war in Afghanistan was indeed a defining moment. It’s difficult to determine the veracity of most of the claims about Pakistani support for the insurgency, if only because the primary sources for the most explosive allegations are either Afghan agents or Afghanistan’s intelligence services. These include claims that retired Inter Services Intelligence chief Hamid Gul, a 74-year-old who left the post nearly two decades ago, was personally working with al-Qaeda and the Taliban to arrange attacks on US-led forces. Another report claims an ISI hand in an attempt to poison beer supplies to Western troops.</p>
<p>Yet although the ethnic Tajik-dominated National Directorate of Security is notoriously anti-Pakistan, the fact that both foreign powers and many Afghans believe Pakistan is assisting the Taliban is itself still significant—and the fact that the US has remained closely bound to Pakistan’s military despite this perception is arguably even more significant.</p>
<p>Setting aside any uncertainties over the documents, though, some obvious conclusions can be reached. For a start, the war is clearly not going well for US-led forces in Afghanistan, and if the United States is seeking Pakistani assistance at a time when it really does feel Pakistan is supporting the insurgency, then clearly it’s not fighting from a position of strength.</p>
<p>This was a point confirmed to me by leading analyst Ayesha Siddiqua, who told me she thought the US will continue to depend on Pakistan’s army simply because Washington doesn’t have many other options now. The US has become ever more dependent on Pakistan since publically concluding it will set a timetable for starting to withdraw its forces from Afghanistan. But by viewing Pakistan’s military establishment as the only guarantor of stability in the AfPak region, the US has arguably stoked the very situation it now finds itself in.</p>
<p>Like any state, Pakistan seeks to maximise its interests. Given the influence of the Army over the state, and especially over Afghanistan policy, it’s unsurprising that it has decided to support the Taliban and its allies as the only viable future client once foreign forces leave Afghanistan. As a result, informed Pakistani observers find it odd that their country is being criticised for following its own direction in Afghanistan when NATO forces have shown little interest in providing an alternative.</p>
<p>Those same observers, including Islamabad-based analyst Imtiaz Gul, point to the fact that the <em>New York Times</em>, one of only three newspapers privy to the voluminous documents prior to their public disclosure last month, chose to focus on Pakistan’s Inter Services Intelligence relationship with the Taliban rather than the role of US forces in alleged atrocities in Afghanistan.</p>
<p>Intriguingly, the leaks haven’t been a major story in Pakistan. This may have something to do with the disastrous floods that have ravaged the country and the latest spate of violence in Karachi. But there’s also an awareness that Pakistan is again in the international spotlight for all the wrong reasons and the popular view here is that the leaks are a politically motivated attempt by foreign enemies to defame Pakistan.</p>
<p>Ultimately, Pakistan is again becoming the fall guy for the Western and Afghan failure to stabilise Afghanistan. The fact is that US-led efforts in Afghanistan have been poorly managed from the moment the US unilaterally invaded back in 2001 and its reliance on the intensely corrupt Karzai regime and a complex network of provincial strongmen widely resented by ordinary Afghans have been key factors in intensifying support for the insurgency.</p>
<p>Without that basic calculus, Pakistani support for the insurgency would count for little. While the US may seek political mileage out of the WikiLeaks revelations to put pressure on Pakistan, and especially its Army, there are no obvious signs of the special relationship between the two being irreparably damaged.</p>
</div>
<h4 class="footer-link">http://the-diplomat.com/2010/08/09/why-us-can%e2%80%99t-drop-pakistan/</h4>
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		<title>Cameron fed Pakistan&#8217;s victim complex</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/uncategorized/cameron-fed-pakistans-victim-complex/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/uncategorized/cameron-fed-pakistans-victim-complex/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 29 Jul 2010 10:20:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Cameron&#8217;s comments stoke a dangerous perception in Pakistan that its efforts in the war against the Taliban have been ignored Mustafa Qadri, guardian.co.uk, Thursday 29 July 2010 18.15 BST News of Cameron&#8217;s visit may have been sidelined by Pakistan&#8217;s worst-ever air disaster. Yet his speech in Bangalore, India, has fast become infamous here. It isn&#8217;t [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1><span style="font-size: 13px;">Cameron&#8217;s comments stoke a dangerous perception in Pakistan that its efforts in the war against the Taliban have been ignored</span></h1>
<p><span><a href="http://guardian.co.uk/profile/mustafaqadri">Mustafa Qadri</a>,<br />
<a href="http://guardian.co.uk">guardian.co.uk</a>, </span>Thursday 29 July 2010 18.15 BST</p>
<p><span>News of Cameron&#8217;s visit may have been sidelined by<span> </span><a title="BBC News: Pakistan mourns victims of worst-ever air crash" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-10797614"><span>Pakistan&#8217;s worst-ever air disaster</span></a>. Yet his speech in Bangalore, India, has fast become infamous here. It isn&#8217;t so much the substance of his remarks that have raised our collective ire. We have already heard ad nauseum that Pakistan must end its double game of supporting both the militants and US-led forces in the region. No, what irked was the fact that they were uttered in the heart of elite India. Coming from a first-term British prime minister on his first official tour of the south Asian country,<span> </span><a title="Number10: PM's speech in India" href="http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/speeches-and-transcripts/2010/07/pms-speech-in-india-53949"><span>Cameron&#8217;s comments</span></a><span> </span>inevitably fed the perception that the world, and especially India, is out to get Pakistan.</span></p>
<p><span>A similar sentiment has followed the voluminous WikiLeaks allegations of massive ISI support for the Afghan insurgency. Namely, that the leak is part of a deliberate smear campaign against the military, Pakistan&#8217;s most robust national institution. Along with this, the British prime minister&#8217;s comments &#8220;will reignite the hatred Pakistanis have for the west&#8221;, according to<span> </span><a title="Senate of Pakistan: Khurshid Ahmed" href="http://www.senate.gov.pk/ShowMemberDetail.asp?MemberCode=489&amp;CatCode=0&amp;CatName"><span>Khurshid Ahmed</span></a>, a Pakistani senator and vice-president of Jamaat-e-Islami, Pakistan&#8217;s largest Islamic political party. His sentiments are echoed by commentators in the Urdu press.</span></p>
<p><span>Some have rightly noted Cameron&#8217;s positively dismissive attitude to India&#8217;s oppressive crackdown in Jammu and Kashmir. In fact, the deafening silence over yet another bloody Indian response to Kashmiri protests is but the tip of the iceberg. Cameron&#8217;s comments coincide with a proposal to sell<span> </span><a title="Guardian: Britain to allow export of civil nuclear technology to India" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jul/28/britain-nuclear-technology-india"><span>civil nuclear technology</span></a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a title="Defense News: India Orders 57 Hawk Jet Trainers From BAE" href="http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=4726673&amp;c=ASI&amp;s=AIR"><span>British military jets</span></a><span> </span>to India. In contrast, Pakistani demands for a similar nuclear deal with the west have been met with consistent refusal. War is peace, and good business, it seems. As Pakistan&#8217;s high commissioner to the UK noted<span> </span><a title="Guardian: Why David Cameron's words disappoint Pakistan" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jul/28/david-cameron-pakistan-war-terror"><span>here</span></a><span> </span>on Wednesday, &#8220;a bilateral visit aimed at earning business could have been done without damaging the prospects of regional peace&#8221;.</span></p>
<p><span>To most people here, Britain does not register much. The US is the main player, whether for better or worse, and most of the anti-western rhetoric vented from the mass media or mosques focuses on Washington and its &#8220;AfPak&#8221; war. Whereas most would not have thought much of Britain&#8217;s role in our region otherwise, the first, loud message emanating from Cameron&#8217;s government is distinctly pro-Indian. The fact that his comments were immediately trumpeted by<span> </span><a title="Sify News: Terrorism from Pak soil unacceptable" href="http://tinyurl.com/3xsgrcs"><span>Indian media outlets</span></a><span> </span>– readily accessible on satellite televisions across the border – will serve to confirm this in Pakistani eyes.</span></p>
<p><span><a title="MOFA: Statement on British Prime Ministers remarks in India " href="http://www.mofa.gov.pk/Press_Releases/2010/July/PR_172.htm"><span>Pakistan&#8217;s foreign office noted</span></a><span> </span>that the country is as much a victim of terrorism as neighbouring Afghanistan and India. The overwhelming perception here is that Pakistan&#8217;s effort in the war against al-Qaida and the Taliban have been largely ignored. Cameron&#8217;s comments will further stoke a dangerous &#8220;damned if we do, damned if don&#8217;t&#8221; mentality that leads many to conclude that this is not our war.</span></p>
<p><span>But this issue is bigger than Cameron or even Britain&#8217;s relations with the subcontinent. Fed on a steady diet of victimhood and international intrigue, we in Pakistan tend only to see that which we wish to see. The prime minister&#8217;s comments querying Pakistan&#8217;s involvement in the AfPak war may have played well in India. But they also point to lingering international doubts over our ability or willingness to root out extremism from our soil. The irony is that, rhetoric aside, little else will change in our relationship with the west. The west will continue to seek greater access to Indian markets while its relationship with Pakistan&#8217;s will remain steeped in the language and interests of the war in Afghanistan.</span></p>
<p>[Published in The Guardian’s Comment Is Free website here: <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jul/29/pakistan-damned-if-we-do-damned-if-we-dont">http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jul/29/pakistan-damned-if-we-do-damned-if-we-dont</a>]</p>
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		<title>Interview on Radio National Australia</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/interview-on-radio-national-australia-2/</link>
		<comments>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/lectures-interviews/interview-on-radio-national-australia-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Jun 2010 13:31:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Lectures & Interviews]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Topic: Will peace in Kashmir bring peace in Afghanistan? You can listen to the interview here.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Topic: Will peace in Kashmir bring peace in Afghanistan? You can listen to the interview <a href="http://www.abc.net.au/rn/latenightlive/stories/2010/2928506.htm?site=northqld">here</a>.</p>
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		<title>Kashmir peace key to fixing Afghanistan</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/articles/kashmir-peace-key-to-fixing-afghanistan/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2010 07:25:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[ALTHOUGH the war in Afghanistan has come to prominence over the past decade, the neighbouring conflict in Kashmir has almost totally dropped off the radar. Despite the omission, Kashmir has more to do with the battle against the Taliban than most would suspect.

According to one report, failed New York bomber Faisal Shahzad was trained by Lashkar-e-Toiba, the Pakistan-based militant group blamed for the 2008 Mumbai attacks, to fight in Kashmir before deciding to target the US instead. The veracity of that claim is unknown. But it is clear that events in Afghanistan and Pakistan are inextricably linked to Indian-controlled Kashmir.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>ALTHOUGH the war in Afghanistan has  come to prominence over the past decade, the neighbouring conflict in  Kashmir has almost totally dropped off the radar. Despite the omission,  Kashmir has more to do with the battle against the Taliban than most  would suspect. 				<!-- google_ad_section_end(name=story_introduction) --> </strong> <!-- // .story-intro --> <!-- google_ad_section_start(name=story_body, weight=high) --></p>
<p>According to one report, failed New York bomber Faisal Shahzad was  trained by Lashkar-e-Toiba, the Pakistan-based militant group blamed for  the 2008 Mumbai attacks, to fight in Kashmir before deciding to target  the US instead. The veracity of that claim is unknown. But it is clear  that events in Afghanistan and Pakistan are inextricably linked to  Indian-controlled Kashmir.</p>
<p>Many of the young men fighting  alongside the Taliban in Afghanistan and Pakistan cut their teeth  against Indian forces in Kashmir. Before the September 11 attacks,  several groups fighting in Kashmir trained their cadres in Afghanistan.  Like so many of these militants, al-Qa&#8217;ida&#8217;s chief military commander in  North Waziristan, Mohammad Ilyas, is a Kashmiri who learned his trade  against the Soviets in Afghanistan in the 1980s.</p>
<p>Pakistan&#8217;s leaders, particularly its military establishment, have  from the founding of the nation in 1947 used the Kashmir issue to rally  popular support and justify a bloated budget that starves the economy of  resources necessary to alleviate poverty. Even when Pakistan has been  richly patronised by the US first as a bulwark against communism and  latterly Islamist militancy, much of the largesse has instead been put  towards deterring India.</p>
<p>Many in Pakistan view Kashmir as a  rightful part of the nation owing to its majority-Muslim population.  That has created significant popular support for militant outfits such  as Lashkar-e-Toiba, especially in the Punjab, which shares geographic  and cultural ties with Kashmir. Punjab is the political and cultural  heartland of Pakistan, and most of its soldiers are recruited from  there. This makes it politically difficult for Pakistan&#8217;s leaders to  crack down on Punjab-based militants in the same fashion as those from  the Pashtun tribal areas.</p>
<p>In the wake of the Mumbai attacks,  however, it is safe to say the strategy of supporting asymmetrical  warfare in Kashmir has finally backfired for Pakistan. Atrocities  committed by Pakistan-based militants have obscured Indian abuses in  Kashmir including a brutal crackdown of pro-independence rallies last  year, extra-judicial detention of activists and widespread allegations  of torture and intimidation.</p>
<p>But the militancy merely represents  one aspect of a long-running feud between India and Pakistan over  Kashmir. Both countries have traded barbs over their alleged support for  separatists in each other&#8217;s territory. India says Pakistan is not doing  enough to curtail jihadists who target Indian interests in Kashmir and  Afghanistan, where Indians have been attacked. Some Indian analysts  claim Pakistan is also supporting a Maoist insurgency in India&#8217;s rural  heartland. Pakistan has retorted with vocal claims of an Indian hand in  the recent spate of bombings that have rocked major cities and support  for ethnic separatists in the restive and strategically pivotal  Balochistan province. .</p>
<p>Along with this clandestine war, access to  water will probably be an impediment to improved Indo-Pak relations.  India routinely restricts Pakistan&#8217;s access to water as several key  rivers flow from Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir.</p>
<p>Both  countries are also vying for US patronage. Pakistan recently implored  Washington to normalise ties over the country&#8217;s nuclear power program,  citing the double standard under which India is recognised as a nuclear  power despite its earlier breaches of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation  Treaty. India complains that US strategy in Afghanistan is far too  reliant on Pakistan, effectively sidelining India&#8217;s successful trade and  development programs in that troubled Central Asian country. It also  notes that Pakistan has a history of misappropriating US military aid to  fight India instead.</p>
<p>As high-level diplomacy restarts this year  &#8212; it ended after the Mumbai attacks &#8212; there is hope that the  subcontinent&#8217;s two largest nations may just be back on the long road to  normalised relations. But the perennial obstacle is knowing who speaks  for Pakistan.</p>
<p>With its overriding influence over the state, the  army overrules Pakistan&#8217;s elected government on matters of security,  including policy towards India. As a result, even if relations continue  to improve, it&#8217;s difficult for Indian officials to know precisely how  solid the promises are. &#8220;Dialogue must remain spearheaded by the elected  governments of both nations,&#8221; says Pakistani journalist Kamran Shafi.  But, he adds, it would also help Pakistan&#8217;s civilian leaders if India  were to continue to &#8220;draw down its [troop levels] in Kashmir&#8221; and  continue dialogue.</p>
<p>Despite both India and Pakistan reducing troop  levels in Kashmir this year, India remains sensitive to foreign  interventions over Kashmir, something US President Barack Obama learned  himself when, owing to Indian pressure, he back-pedaled on an election  campaign offer of a US-brokered resolution. Without pressure on India to  accept third-party negotiations, the Kashmir dispute will continue to  simmer.</p>
<p>The world can ill afford two nuclear armed nations  destabilising each other. It would be myopic to limit our efforts at  stabilising the region merely to the war in Afghanistan. Without  pressure on India and Pakistan to resolve the Kashmir dispute, and end  their atrocities in the region, our efforts in Afghanistan will count  for very little.</p>
<p><em> Mustafa Qadri is a journalist based in  Pakistan</em></p>
<p>[This article was published in The Australian newspaper. Url: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/opinion/kashmir-peace-key-to-fixing-afghanistan/story-e6frg6zo-1225871284593]</p>
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		<title>Pakistan&#8217;s hijras deserve acceptance</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/articles/pakistans-hijras-deserve-acceptance/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 26 May 2010 07:21:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Pakistanis must challenge the routine prejudice that condemns an ancient transgender community to violence and ridicule

Mustafa Qadri
guardian.co.uk, Wednesday 26 May 2010 18.30 BST

A great challenge for Pakistan has been crafting a sense of shared identity. But with much of the ensuing identity politics spiralling into sectarian and communal violence in recent decades, it isn't surprising that minorities here face the worst forms of neglect and persecution.]]></description>
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<p id="stand-first" class="stand-first-alone"><strong>Pakistanis must  challenge the routine prejudice that condemns an ancient transgender  community to violence and ridicule</strong></p>
<p class="stand-first-alone"><a href="http://guardian.co.uk/profile/mustafaqadri">Mustafa Qadri</a><br />
<a href="http://guardian.co.uk">guardian.co.uk</a>, Wednesday 26 May 2010 18.30 BST</p>
</div>
<p>A great challenge for <a title="Guardian:  Pakistan" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/pakistan">Pakistan</a> has been crafting a sense of shared identity. But  with much of the ensuing identity politics spiralling into sectarian  and communal violence in recent decades, it isn&#8217;t surprising that  minorities here face the worst forms of neglect and persecution.</p>
<p>There  is no more maligned group of citizens in our country than those from  its transgender community. Known variously as eunuchs, transgender or,  in Urdu and Hindi, as <a title="Wikipedia: Hijra" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijra_%28South_Asia%29">hijras</a>, they trace their origins to the  pre-British royal courts of the <a title="BBC: Mughal empire" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/mughalempire_1.shtml">Mughal empire</a> and possibly even earlier,  and are found not just in Pakistan but across the subcontinent. Under  the Raj, the British tried to ban hijras as a breach of public decency  but inevitably failed.</p>
<p>Although often described as eunuchs  because some undergo castration, typically outside the clinical  conditions of a hospital, many – if not most – do not.Hijras are in fact  a diverse community of men (and some women) who happen to be  hermaphrodites, transsexual, homosexual or have been castrated.  Traditionally, hijras are viewed as having mystical powers – both good  and bad – particularly with respect to marriage and fertility, which is  why they are often found performing as dancers and soothsayers at  weddings.</p>
<p>Sexuality is heavily regulated in Pakistan. Even  for heterosexual couples relations are a hazardous affair, as brutally  demonstrated by the <a title="Guardian: Mother, father and daughter gunned down in cemetery on  visit to Pakistan" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/may/21/british-family-shot-dead-pakistan">recent murder</a> of a British Pakistani family in  Lahore last week – it is believed the murders were retribution for their  son&#8217;s alleged infidelity. For queer and transgender Pakistanis,  however, the risks are far more ubiquitous.</p>
<p>Today hijras  are universally marginalised, forced to earn a living as beggars,  prostitutes and dancers. It is common to see hijras asking for money at  major traffic intersections and busy bazaars, yet, sadly, few of us ever  know these people as family or friends. Because a high number work in  the sex industry, hijras are, <a title="The Body:  Amid the Shadows, Pakistan's Third Sex Face HIV Threat: Hijras Could  Trigger Disease Explosion, Says Report" href="http://www.thebody.com/content/art25170.html">according to Family Health  International</a>, particularly vulnerable to STDs. They are also  exposed to sexual abuse by customers. One young traditional male dancer I  met in Islamabad recently, for instance, had his face brutally  disfigured by acid when he refused advances from a male admirer at one  of his performances.</p>
<p>Pakistan&#8217;s transgender community also  faces persecution from the wider society. Brave activists like the She  Male Association&#8217;s Almas Bobby criticise the police for routinely  harassing members of the community, as demonstrated at a high-profile  rally in the garrison city of Rawalpindi in January last year.</p>
<p>On  Tuesday, police in Peshawar <a title="AFP: Pakistan busts 'eunuch wedding' in Peshawar: police" href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h0I-ZAo_Hjyy8cHX0ulEWg3eroFQ">interrupted  a wedding</a> by arresting a businessman together with his &#8220;eunuch&#8221;  bride and up to 43 guests. The couple had to be escorted by a heavy  security detail to court to prevent onlookers from assaulting them.  Although rare, this incident is not unique. In 2007, <a title="BBC: Pakistan  'same-sex' couple held " href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/6679733.stm">a couple were jailed</a> for seeking to get  married because the groom was a woman who had undergone sex-change  surgery.</p>
<p>It should be no surprise that Tuesday&#8217;s arrest  took place in a working-class neighbourhood of Peshawar. In Pakistan,  the rich are generally free to do as they like. Although there are few  recorded members of the transgender community among the elite, there is a  vibrant if muted community of middle- and upper-class gay Pakistanis  and one of the country&#8217;s most popular talkshows is <a title="YouTube: Begum  Nawazish Ali - Bipasha+Rocky " href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Srr4hXl8a_8">hosted by a drag queen</a>.</p>
<p>In  <a title="Rohtas Gallery: Malcolm Hutcheson" href="http://www.rohtasgallery.com/malcomhutcheson.html">a photographic exhibition</a> in Islamabad this month, the Scottish photographer Malcolm Hutcheson  shines a spotlight on this ancient community. &#8220;It is not that these  individuals belong to the dark side of the society; rather it is society  itself which is dark, where they tend to see them [hijras] as inferior  and neglect them,&#8221; Hutcheson noted at the exhibition&#8217;s opening.</p>
<p>But  along with the indignities they have faced, there has been progress  towards respecting the rights of transgender Pakistanis as equal  citizens. Last year Pakistan&#8217;s supreme court called on authorities to  recognise hijras <a title="BBC: Pakistani eunuchs to have distinct gender " href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8428819.stm">as a distinct  gender</a> that are entitled to inherit property, employment and to vote  – albeit that these reforms will face stiff resistance in this deeply  conservative country in which politicians are ever eager to display  their Islamic credentials. In neighbouring India, a politician has  suggested that <a title="AFP: Eunuch regiment could protect India: state minister" href="http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jQhNPlpNccr55uaJGbonS_VXB35g">a  regiment of hijras</a> should be established to act as security guards  because of their &#8220;loyalty and integrity&#8221;.</p>
<p>Pakistani society  is immensely diverse, but with an all-too-often monolithic and  intolerant mainstream conception of national identity it is  frighteningly easy to face extreme prejudice and violence. Rather than  expressing outrage over images of the Prophet on networking sites, it is  high time we, as Muslims and Pakistanis, challenge the routine  prejudice that condemns our fellow citizens to a lifetime of violence  and ridicule. Accepting the ancient hijra community as a legitimate and  diverse part of our society would be a welcome start.</p>
<p>[This article was published in The Guardian. Url: <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/may/26/pakistan-transgender-hijras-deserve-acceptance">http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/may/26/pakistan-transgender-hijras-deserve-acceptance</a>]</p>
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		<title>Indo-Pak ties a lost cause?</title>
		<link>http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/articles/indo-pak-ties-a-lost-cause/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 02 Apr 2010 16:48:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mustafa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ashfaq Pervez Kayani]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Asif Ali Zardari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BJP]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[India]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indian National Congress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kashmir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Manmohan Singh]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pakistan Army]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mustafaqadri.net/wp/?p=602</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Not yet, says Mustafa Qadri. But it’s the Kashmir issue, not terrorism or Afghanistan, that’s still the biggest bar to a breakthrough. Both nuclear armed, and with one of the most militarised borders in the world between them, India and Pakistan have one of the most entrenched of modern rivalries. But as high-level diplomacy recommences, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Not yet, says Mustafa Qadri. But it’s the Kashmir issue, not  terrorism  or Afghanistan, that’s still the biggest bar to a breakthrough.</strong></p>
<p>Both nuclear armed, and with one of the most militarised borders in  the world between them, India and Pakistan have one of the most  entrenched of modern rivalries. But as high-level diplomacy recommences,  there’s hope now that the subcontinent’s two largest nations may just  be back on the long road to normalised relations.</p>
<p>Yet while few question the necessity of normalisation, the road ahead  is riven with obstacles to lasting peace between two nations that have  fought four wars and countless indirect skirmishes.</p>
<p>India’s main gripe has long been that Pakistan is not, in its view,  doing enough to remove a jihadist infrastructure that it says is used to  target Indian interests in Kashmir and Afghanistan. According to Indian  Defence Minister AK Antony, Pakistan has yet to close 42 ‘terrorist  training camps’ that it says fuel attacks against India in both regions.  Senior Pakistani officials, for their part, have responded with vocal  public claims of an Indian hand in the recent spate of bombings that  have rocked major cities (India vehemently denies this, and the claims  are treated sceptically outside Pakistan).</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>With such a climate, it has become easy for politicians in both  countries, particularly those on the right, to score easy political  points with jingoistic diatribes against their neighbour—hardliners and  political opportunists are eager to ‘remind’ a frustrated populace that  their neighbour is the root of all evil. <strong> </strong></p>
<p><em> </em><strong> </strong></p>
<p>It doesn’t help, of course, that there’s strong anecdotal evidence to  suggest India and Pakistan have supported violent insurgencies in each  other’s territory. Although militancy in India emanating from Pakistan  is what hit the headlines again following the Mumbai attacks, several  Indian commentators speaking off the record to <em>The Diplomat </em>claimed   Pakistan had anyway also been supporting a widespread Maoist insurgency  in India’s rural heartland.</p>
<p>Pakistan, too, is insecure over India’s alleged involvement in recent  bombings, and its long time support for indigenous separatist militancy  in the restive province of Balochistan, a large and resource rich area  that borders Iran and southern Afghanistan. In an apparent admission of  sorts, Indian authorities agreed to a reference to Balochistan in a  joint statement issued by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and  Pakistan President Asif Ali Zardari at Sharm el Shaikh. The reference  was condemned by many sections of the Indian press and right-wing  opposition parties as a costly ‘blunder.’ In neighbouring Pakistan, in  contrast, the reference to Balochistan was celebrated as a welcome  admission.</p>
<p>‘[Indian Prime Minister] Singh wanted to give something to [the  civilian government of Prime Minister] Gilani,’ says Indian analyst  Kanti Bajpai, who believes Singh’s acknowledgment over Balochistan was  an attempt to build confidence with Pakistan’s democratically elected  government, rather than an admission.<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Singh’s approach has been widely heralded by less impassioned  observers like Bajpai and journalist Kamran Shafi, himself a trenchant  critic of Pakistan’s military excesses who routinely receives death  threats. ‘Dialogue must remain spearheaded by the elected governments of  both nations,’ Shafi says.</p>
<p>One perennial problem with this is the subservience of Pakistan’s  elected government to military planners in Rawalpindi. Sadly, Pakistani  President Asif Zardari has proved incapable of breaking this imbalance.  As a result, even if bilateral dialogue continues to improve, it’s  difficult for Indian officials to know precisely how solid the promises  are. But Shafi says it would help Pakistan’s civilian leaders if India  were to ‘draw down its [troop levels] in Kashmir’ and maintain  government-to-government dialogue as it has done.</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>As the cause of three conventional wars and a continuous Islamist  insurgency linked with groups based in Pakistan, Kashmir still looms  large over ties between the two, and resolving the competing claims is  vital if a lasting peace is to be secured.</p>
<p>But it’s still a prickly subject. Many in Pakistan view Kashmir as a  rightful part of the nation owing to its majority-Muslim population.  And, although the flow of militants into the mountainous area has  greatly reduced in recent years, decades of state patronage of jihadists  to fight Indian forces in Kashmir make it difficult for Pakistani  authorities to brand them enemies of the state like the Taliban because  they come from the Punjabi heartland, not the remote tribal areas. <strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Meanwhile, despite reducing troop levels in Kashmir, India remains  sensitive to foreign interventions over Kashmir, something US President  Barack Obama learned himself when, owing to Indian pressure, he  back-peddled on an election campaign reference to US intervention to  resolve the dispute.</p>
<p>All this is complicated by an impasse over Pakistan’s access to water  supplies from India. The Indus Basin Water Treaty, a bilateral  agreement signed by India and Pakistan in 1960, is meant to regulate  water usage. But India effectively controls water flows into Pakistan  that begin in Jammu and Kashmir. As India commences a string of  ambitious water projects experts say disputes over water allocation are  likely to rise, adding further impediments to a resolution of the  Kashmir dispute in the foreseeable future.</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>But it’s not just terrorism that is holding back closer ties—both  countries are also vying for US support. A recent high level Pakistani  delegation implored Washington to develop and normalise ties over the  country’s nuclear power programme, citing the double standard that sees  India recognised as a nuclear power despite its earlier breaches of the  Non-Proliferation Treaty. Indian lobbyists, for their part, complain  that the United States is far too reliant on Pakistan for its strategy  in Afghanistan, effectively sidelining India’s successful trade and  development programmes in the country. They also argue that Pakistan has  in the past used US military aid earmarked for the war on terror to  fight India instead.</p>
<p>‘[Indian decision makers] don’t trust Obama,’ says Harsh Pant of  Kings College London, because of a perception of ‘US alignment with  Pakistan going back to the Cold War.’ As the United States looks  primarily to Pakistan to stabilise its strategic interests in  neighbouring Afghanistan, Indian leaders feel increasingly left out of a  key part of Central Asia’s great game.</p>
<p>It’s possible, however, that one of the region’s major flashpoints  could ultimately act to calm tensions between the two.</p>
<p>So far, India and Pakistan have competed for influence over  Afghanistan, with India backing the former Northern Alliance and  Pakistan the Taliban and other predominantly Pashtun Islamist groups.  This rivalry has, Afghanistan’s ambassador to the United States has  said, been costly for the country’s stability.</p>
<p>But analysts say there are signs that both sides may be re-thinking  their approach to Afghanistan. ‘I think there’s been a gradual  realisation that they [India and Pakistan] must stop competing in  Afghanistan,’ says Shuja Nawaz, an analyst with the Atlantic Council in  Washington DC.</p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>There’s no doubting that realism has quietly permeated Indo-Pak  diplomacy. The strong calls for unilateral attacks on Pakistan following  Mumbai have been followed not with military posturing but quiet  diplomacy. ‘Everything else India has tried,’ says Bajpai, including the  threat of war following the 2001 Indian parliament attack, ‘has failed  to change the dynamic.’ India has accepted that Mumbai could not have  occurred without involvement from Indian nationals and that Pakistan  can’t be entirely blamed for an Islamist menace that it has also fallen  victim to. And while Pakistan has not arrested Lashkar-e-Tayaba leader  Hafiz Mohammad Saeed, many of his cadres are facing prosecution in its  courts.</p>
<p>The difference now, says Nawaz, ‘is that Pakistan is now facing the  spectre of [Islamist terrorism] at home. The immediate enemy is internal  now, not India.’ In the past 2 years, about 5000 civilians and 1700  soldiers have been killed.</p>
<p>‘A destabilised Pakistan is not good for India,’ says Shafi, who  points to the strong informal trade and social links that have survived  despite the tensions. Indeed, normalising relations would be a boon for  business. When Pakistan recently signed a gas pipeline deal with Iran,  the world’s second largest supplier, India was notable by its absence.  India was originally part of the venture, only to withdraw owing to its  present frosty relationship with Pakistan. But if trade links can be  improved, access to each other’s huge consumer base and faster, easier  access to the rich prize of Central Asian and Middle Eastern resources  awaits.<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Yet despite the signs of hope, observers on both sides of the border  are virtually unanimous in their pessimism over whether there’ll be a  breakthrough soon. And the reason for that remains Kashmir.</p>
<p>It’s not clear who can ‘sell’ peace in Kashmir, says Pant. Only an  Indian government led by the rightwing BJP, Pant argues, could accept  the kind of overture from Pakistan that in 2007 nearly saw the  commencement of concrete steps toward resolving the dispute because  voters trust it more on national security issues. In opposition,  however, the BJP has been happy to score political points against the  current Congress-led government, claiming its overtures to Pakistan  represent appeasement of the enemy.</p>
<p>In politics as with everything else, however, the benefits of  cooperation may end up compelling India and Pakistan to normalise  relations.</p>
<p>_____________________________________________</p>
<p>Source Url:  http://the-diplomat.com/2010/04/02/indo-pak-ties-lost-cause/</p>
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